01. Where does the Service Offer Backbone begin?
a) With the recorded need that prompted the product to be built
b) With the consumer's first payment against their subscription
c) With the service offer that makes a product available to consumers
d) With the deployment of the product into the operational environment
02. Can a single Digital Product be made available through more than one Service Offer?
a) No, because the standard defines each Digital Product as having exactly one Service Offer associated with it
b) Yes, because the offer is the packaged form of the product and one product may be packaged in several ways
c) No, unless the product has first been decomposed into whatever sub-products it may contain
d) Yes, but only while the product is being retired and consumers are migrating
03. Under a product-based operating model, what happens to the team when a major release of a Digital Product is completed?
a) The team stays with the product
b) The team hands the product and its operational data to a separate group and moves on
c) The team is retained but reports into the project management office until the next business case
d) The team is disbanded and its members are assigned to the next funded initiative
04. Why does the standard place the Digital Product Backbone and the Service Offer Backbone in separate structures rather than one continuous chain?
a) Because the two backbones were introduced in different editions of the standard and have never been merged together
b) Because the Digital Product Backbone is internal to the provider and the Service Offer Backbone is operated by the consumers
c) Because a product must complete the whole of the first backbone, or most of it, before work on the second may begin
d) Because they answer different questions about the same product, and one product may carry several offers or none
05. In the IT4IT Reference Architecture, what passes between one functional component and another?
a) Approval decisions made by governance boards
b) Data objects that each component either owns or references
c) Status messages that report whether each component is available
d) Process activities that each component either performs or delegates
06. At what level of abstraction does the IT4IT Reference Architecture describe an IT organization?
a) It defines what must exist and how it connects, not how any of it is built
b) It stays at the level of business strategy and does not describe IT functions at all
c) It specifies the technical design of each component, down to its interfaces and its schemas
d) It documents the current state of a particular organization's data so that gaps can be identified
07. How does the Release Composition functional component relate to the Product Design functional component?
a) Composition produces the design, which is then reviewed and approved before release
b) They are two alternative names for the same functional component, one used in Version 2.1 and the other in Version 3.0
c) Design settles what the product should be, and composition selects and packages the changes that realize it
d) Design applies only to newly created products, and composition to the changes made to products that already exist
08. What is the relationship between the seven value streams and the two backbones in the IT4IT Standard, Version 3.0?
a) Each value stream owns one backbone and its data objects, with the seventh stream shared
b) The backbones replaced the value streams and the IT Value Chain when Version 3.0 was published
c) The value streams are used at design time, and the backbones only during operation and support
d) The value streams describe the activity, and the backbones hold the components and data that activity acts on
09. An organization implements the Digital Product Backbone but allows each delivery team to define its own release record with no shared structure. What is the consequence in IT4IT terms?
a) The chain breaks, because releases can no longer be related consistently to designs or to what is running
b) Nothing changes, because the structure of a release record is left entirely to the organization adopting the standard
c) Only reporting is affected, since the underlying deployments still work
d) The teams become supporting functions or auxiliary components rather than functional components
10. Which of the following is a criterion for something to be managed as a Digital Product in the IT4IT Standard?
a) Its data is hosted in a public cloud environment
b) It was delivered by a project with an approved business case setting a planned end date
c) It is recorded as a fixed asset in the finance system
d) It has a defined lifecycle that starts at the initial idea and runs through to retirement