ISTQB CT-MBT Certification Exam Sample Questions

CT-MBT Dumps PDF, Model-Based Tester Dumps, download CT - Model-Based Tester free Dumps, ISTQB Model-Based Tester exam questions, free online CT - Model-Based Tester exam questionsYou have to pass the CT-MBT exam to receive the certification from ISTQB. To increase the effectiveness of your study and make you familiar with the actual exam pattern, we have prepared this ISTQB Model-Based Tester sample questions. Our Sample ISTQB Certified Tester - Model-Based Tester Practice Exam will give you more insight about both the type and the difficulty level of the questions on the ISTQB CT - Model-Based Tester exam.

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ISTQB Model-Based Tester Sample Questions:

01. A car-park payment terminal is modeled as a state transition diagram with the states Idle, TicketRead, Paying and Paid, and the transitions:
- Idle -> TicketRead on insertTicket
- TicketRead -> Paying on startPayment
- Paying -> Paid on paymentAccepted
- Paying -> TicketRead on paymentDeclined
- Paid -> Idle on ticketReturned
A suite generated to all-transitions coverage exercises all five transitions. A new requirement is then accepted: a season-ticket holder may key in a discount code once the ticket has been read, and the terminal charges the reduced amount. Nothing in the model mentions discount codes.
What does the suite need before it can give evidence about the new requirement?
a) Two or three discount test cases written by hand and added to the generated suite, with the model left as it is, since it already describes the payment behavior around them.
b) A regeneration under a stricter criterion, such as all-path coverage, so that the routes through the terminal on which a discount code is used are selected as well.
c) The team has to add the discount behavior to the model first, because generation can only draw on what the model contains, whatever criterion is applied to it.
d) Nothing, because the suite already meets all-transitions coverage on the model the team agreed, and that criterion is the measure of when generation is complete.
 
02. A library self-service kiosk is modeled with the states Idle, CardRead, Borrowing and Blocked, and the transitions:
- Idle -> CardRead on scanCard
- CardRead -> Borrowing on startLoan [no unpaid fines]
- CardRead -> Blocked on startLoan [unpaid fines]
- Borrowing -> Idle on finish
- Blocked -> Idle on finish
A suite has been generated to all-transitions coverage. A new requirement allows a borrower whose unpaid fines are below the borrowing limit to take a loan after a warning; only fines at or above the limit block borrowing.
Which TWO changes does the requirement make necessary?
Select TWO options.
a) Regenerate the test cases covering CardRead -> Blocked, whose fine data no longer guarantees the transition they were selected for.
b) Re-guard CardRead -> Blocked so that it fires only when the unpaid fines reach the borrowing limit.
c) Regenerate the test cases covering Borrowing -> Idle, because the Borrowing state can now be reached in two different ways.
d) Remove the Blocked state, because a borrower carrying unpaid fines is no longer prevented from taking a loan.
e) Hold the borrowing limit in the test adaptation layer only, so that the MBT model is kept free of concrete values.
 
03. A team combines MBT with keyword-driven testing. Its MBT model names keywords such as login and transferFunds, and each generated test case is a sequence of those keywords with their arguments.
Where do the concrete instructions behind each keyword belong?
a) In the test adaptation layer, which implements each keyword as the calls on the system under test that carry it out.
b) In the MBT model, beside each keyword, so that the generator can emit a directly executable script for every case it produces.
c) In the generated test cases, which the test generator writes out in full once each keyword has been expanded.
d) In the test automation framework, which recognizes the model's keywords and so needs no implementation written for them.
 
04. A team wants to run an online MBT approach, with the testers performing every step by hand at the terminal.
Why is this generally impractical?
a) Online MBT works without a test adaptation layer, and manual execution depends on that layer.
b) Online MBT chooses its paths stochastically, and a random walk through a model cannot be repeated.
c) Each step's actual result has to reach the test generator, because the generator chooses the next step from it.
d) Online MBT produces low-level test cases only, and cases at that level of detail are too long for a tester to perform.
 
05. A test manager is estimating the work of building the test adaptation layer for a suite of several thousand generated test cases, and expects a bill proportional to the size of that suite.
What actually determines how much has to be written?
a) One mapping for each generated test case, so that the layer grows by a further piece of code with every case returned.
b) Nothing: the test generator produces the adaptation from the model along with the test cases and the test scripts.
c) A fresh set of mappings before each generation run, since a new run returns a different set of test cases.
d) One mapping for each abstract action and data element the model uses, since every generated case that names one goes through that same mapping.
 
06. An MBT tool has to be integrated with the project's configuration management system.
What does that particular integration make possible?
a) Putting the MBT model under version control with the other project artifacts, so the version a suite came from can be identified.
b) Scheduling the generated test cases into test cycles and recording the result of each execution against them.
c) Mapping the abstract actions in the generated test cases onto the interfaces of the system under test at run time.
d) Generating a test suite for a selected set of requirements, so that a change of scope can be covered without rebuilding the model.
 
07. An MBT model holds concrete input values and concrete expected results. The test actions it names are still abstract: the model says withdraw without saying which interface carries it out. The team concludes that, because the data is concrete, no test adaptation is needed at all.
Which statement about that conclusion is correct?
a) The conclusion holds, since a generated case carrying concrete data and a concrete expected result runs against the system under test as the generator wrote it.
b) Concrete data does reduce the adaptation work, but adaptation remains, because the abstract actions the test cases name still have to be mapped onto the interfaces.
c) The conclusion holds for automated execution but not for manual execution, where a tester still has to interpret each generated step.
d) The conclusion is wrong, since a test generator cannot produce concrete test data at all and every value has to be added after generation.
 
08. A ticket-vending machine is modeled as a usage model, and its suite is generated by a stochastic walkthrough of that model. The test objective was to gain confidence in typical customer behavior.
Before the next release the test objective changes: the team must now show that every transition in the model has been exercised at least once.
How should the team respond?
a) Remove the transition probabilities from the model first, because a coverage-based selection criterion cannot be applied to a model that carries stochastic information.
b) Rebuild the model as a state transition diagram of the machine, because a usage model describes the environment and model coverage can only be measured over the system.
c) Keep the model as it is and regenerate the suite under an all-transitions coverage criterion, since the behavior the model describes has not changed.
d) Keep generating by weighted random walkthrough and let it run for much longer, because a random walkthrough eventually reaches every transition in the model.
 
09. An order is modeled with the states New, Approved, Shipped, Returned and Closed, and the transitions:
- New -> Approved on approve
- New -> Closed on reject
- Approved -> Shipped on dispatch
- Shipped -> Returned on customerReturns
- Shipped -> Closed on deliveryConfirmed
Returned -> Closed on refundIssued
Three test cases were generated to all-transitions coverage:
TC1: New, Approved, Shipped, Closed
TC2: New, Approved, Shipped, Returned, Closed
TC3: New, Closed
A new requirement lets a returned order be put back into the approval queue, so the transition Returned -> Approved on reprocess is added. Nothing else changes.
What does the suite need in order to meet all-transitions coverage again?
a) TC1 and TC2 have to be regenerated, because both of them pass through Approved, which the added transition now makes reachable a second way.
b) One extra test case that walks the added transition; TC1, TC2 and TC3 still hold.
c) Nothing at all, because the three test cases already covered every transition before the new requirement arrived.
d) TC2 has to be regenerated, because Returned now has two outgoing transitions and TC2 exercises only one of them.
 
10. During test implementation a tester proposes to keep the rule a withdrawal is refused when the requested amount exceeds the balance out of the MBT model and to put it in the test adaptation layer instead, so that the model stays small.
Which statement about that proposal is correct?
a) The proposal fails, because the adaptation layer is generated from the model and so cannot be extended by the test team by hand.
b) The proposal is sound, because keeping conditions out of the model is the recognized way of preventing test case explosion.
c) The rule decides what the system under test is expected to do, so it belongs in the model, because the adaptation layer maps actions and data onto the interface and supplies no expected results.
d) The proposal is sound, provided the rule is also recorded in the test management tool so that traceability to the requirement survives.

Answers:

Question: 01
Answer: c		 Question: 02
Answer: a, b		 Question: 03
Answer: a		 Question: 04
Answer: c		 Question: 05
Answer: d
Question: 06
Answer: a		 Question: 07
Answer: b		 Question: 08
Answer: c		 Question: 09
Answer: b		 Question: 10
Answer: c

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